Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42256958›Full record

ArticleClinical case reports2026

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Pneumonitis Complicated by Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in COPD: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges.

Chukwuka Elendu, Ayi T Debua, Emeka H Okolo, Halimat O Sadiq

Abstract readLetter
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Chukwuka ElenduFederal University Teaching Hospital Owerri Nigeria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0249-1865
Ayi T DebuaUniversity of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar Nigeria.
Emeka H OkoloThe Park Hospital Nottingham UK.
Halimat O SadiqUniversity of Lagos Lagos Nigeria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Checkpoint inhibitor-associated pneumonitis complicated by invasive pulmonary aspergillosis represents a diagnostic challenge in ICI-treated patients, particularly those with COPD receiving corticosteroid therapy. Persistent or worsening respiratory abnormalities despite immunosuppressive treatment should prompt reassessment for superimposed fungal infection, including bronchoscopy, BALF analysis, and microbiologic testing to facilitate diagnosis and targeted therapy.

Indexed as

checkpoint inhibitor‐associated pneumonitischronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseimmune checkpoint inhibitorsinvasive pulmonary aspergillosismetagenomic next‐generation sequencing

Identifiers

PMID42256958
PMCPMC13239959

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.