ArticleJournal of oral microbiology2026
Fibrinogen was associated with subgingival microbiome in periodontal diseases: a pilot study.
Article in Journal of oral microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Periodontal diseases are associated with complex interactions among inflammatory responses, microbial dysbiosis, and clinical periodontal parameters. However, the relationships among inflammatory biomarkers, microbial biomarkers, and clinical parameters in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) remain to be further clarified. Objective: To explore the interactions among inflammatory biomarkers, microbial biomarkers, and clinical parameters in gingival crevicular fluid in periodontal diseases. Design: In this cross-sectional study, GCF and subgingival plaque were collected from healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis participants. Levels of fibrinogen, fibrin (measured as fibrin degradation products (FDP)), Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-17, Matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)8, and MMP9 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The subgingival microbiome was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results: Among all biomarkers, fibrinogen was the most sensitive biomarker detected in GCF. Levels of fibrinogen were higher in the gingivitis ( Conclusions: Compared with IL-1β, IL-17, MMP8 and MMP9, fibrinogen in GCF demonstrated distinct associations with clinical parameters and subgingival microbiome in periodontal diseases.
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