Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42256212›Full record

ArticleAnnals of intensive care2026

High-flow nasal cannula versus noninvasive ventilation in stabilized hypercapnic exacerbation: a physiological crossover trial.

Fernando Vieira, Annia Schreiber, Mattia Docci, Antenor Rodrigues, Vorakamol Phoophiboon, Carles Subira, Matthew Ko, Mayson L A Sousa, Tai Pham, Thomas Piraino and 7 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of intensive care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Fernando VieiraKeenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, ON, Canada.
Annia SchreiberKeenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, ON, Canada.
Mattia DocciKeenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, ON, Canada.
Antenor RodriguesKeenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, ON, Canada.
Vorakamol PhoophiboonKeenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, ON, Canada.
Carles SubiraKeenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, ON, Canada.
Matthew KoKeenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, ON, Canada.
Mayson L A SousaKeenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, ON, Canada.
Tai PhamAP-HP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, DMU CORREVE, Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, FHU SEPSIS, Groupe de Recherche Clinique CARMAS, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
Thomas PirainoDepartment of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Remi CoudroyCHU de Poitiers, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Poitiers, France; INSERM CIC 1402, IS-ALIVE Research Group, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
Giulia CavalotDepartment of Emergency Medicine, San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Torino, Italy.
Irene TeliasInterdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Detajin JunhasavasdikulDivision of Pulmonary and Pulmonary Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Martin DresNeurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, INSERM, UMRS1158, Paris, France.
Michael C SklarKeenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, ON, Canada.
Laurent BrochardKeenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, ON, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Evidence comparing high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in acute hypercapnic respiratory failure remains controversial. We compared their short-term effects on breathing effort, ventilation, CO Methods: A randomized, crossover, non-inferiority trial was conducted in patients with stabilized hypercapnic exacerbation requiring NIV or HFNC. Baseline oxygen therapy was followed by a randomized sequence of NIV and HFNC at 30 and 50 L.min Results: 21 patients (mean ± SD age 69 ± 11 years, 82% COPD) were enrolled. In 17, diaphragm thickening fraction (TFdi) was available: HFNC 50 L.min Conclusions: In stabilized hypercapnic exacerbation, HFNC and NIV reduced tcCO₂, but only HFNC lowered ventilatory ratio and minute ventilation. HFNC at 50 L.min

Indexed as

Diaphragm ultrasoundHigh-flow nasal cannulaHypercapnic respiratory failureNon-inferiorityNon-invasive ventilation

Identifiers

PMID42256212
PMCPMC13233617

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.