ArticleEcology and evolution2026
Resilience of Breeding Boreal Waterbirds to Harsh Wintering Conditions: Could Climate Warming Smooth Population Declines?
Article in Ecology and evolution, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Due to global climate change, winters have become milder and the ice season in lakes and other aquatic systems shorter across the Northern Hemisphere. Consequently, wintering conditions of open water-dependent waterbirds have become milder. While winter warming-caused changes in the distribution of wintering waterbirds have been documented for several species, it is unclear how warming of winters is reflected in population dynamics and long-term trends of waterbirds in northern breeding areas. We used population count data and studied resilience (resistance to cold winters and recovery thereafter) of 15 waterbird species breeding in European boreal lakes to harsh wintering conditions during 1977-2022. Our aim was to assess the possibility that climate warming could smooth observed waterbird population declines caused by other anthropogenic stressors. In general, wintering conditions had only marginal impact on the dynamics (growth rate) of waterbird populations, except in the Common Coot (
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