Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42256012›Full record

ArticleJournal of Appalachian health2025

Understanding Breastfeeding Practices in Tennessee: Goals, Duration, and Reasons for Discontinuation.

Amir Alakaam, Chia-Lin Chang, Hannah Jeffery

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of Appalachian health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Amir AlakaamUniversity of Tennessee at Chattanooga.
Chia-Lin ChangUniversity of North Dakota.
Hannah JefferyUniversity of Tennessee at Chattanooga.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Breastfeeding is widely recognized as the optimal source of infant nutrition, offering many health benefits. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine goals, exclusivity, and duration of breastfeeding and explore factors that influence breastfeeding practices among individuals in Tennessee (TN). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals (N = 1,249). Participants were recruited and data were collected from June - September 2021. The data were entered and analyzed from September 2022 - March 2023. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and ANOVA were used to analyze the data and identify associations between variables. Results: About 32% of the participants did not meet their goal to exclusively breastfeed for six months. Most participants reported that they chose to breastfeed due to benefits for the child (78.4%) and woman (62.1%). About 44% of the participants indicated that their healthcare provider promoted milk formula, and 41% did not feel comfortable breastfeeding in public. More than half of the participants reported not receiving education on the benefits of breastfeeding from their healthcare provider. Findings showed a significant relationship between discontinuing exclusive breastfeeding early and not receiving support from hospital maternity staff (X2 (1, N = 403) = 7.7, Implications: Enhanced education and support from healthcare providers, along with efforts to normalize breastfeeding in public, are essential to improve breastfeeding outcomes and support individuals in achieving their breastfeeding goals.

Indexed as

Appalachiabreastfeedingbreast milkchildhoodinfant formulanutrition

Identifiers

PMID42256012
PMCPMC13239646

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.