ArticleCureus2026
A Comparison of the Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Human Papillomavirus Infection Among HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Women in Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major etiological factor in cervical cancer, with increased burden among women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This study compared the prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV infection among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women in Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Lagos, Nigeria.
methodsA comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 441 asymptomatic women (232 HIV-positive women attending the AIDS Prevention Initiative in Nigeria clinic and 209 HIV-negative women attending the General Outpatient Department clinic) selected using systematic random sampling. HPV DNA testing was performed to detect the presence and genotypes of HPV. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires and analyzed using chi-square or Fisher's exact tests, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.
resultsThe mean age ± standard deviation (SD) of the respondents was 42.47 ± 8.05 years. The overall prevalence of HPV infection was 38.8%. HIV-positive women had a significantly higher prevalence of HPV infection (50.4%) compared to HIV-negative women (25.8%) (p < 0.001). High-risk HPV genotypes were more prevalent among HIV-positive women (91.5%) than HIV-negative women (68.5%) (p < 0.001). HPV 52 was the most common genotype overall. Multiple HPV infections were more frequent among HIV-positive women, though not statistically significant. Several high-risk genotypes, including HPV 18, 45, 52, 53, 58, and 68, were significantly more prevalent among HIV-positive women.
conclusionHIV-positive women bear a significantly higher burden of HPV infection, particularly high-risk genotypes. The predominance of non-HPV 16/18 genotypes highlights the need for broader vaccine coverage and strengthened cervical cancer prevention strategies.
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