Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42254675›Full record

ReviewPeerJ2026

Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes against solid tumors: current trends & perspectives.

Ze Min Liew, Yu Shyan Low, Khang Chiang Oh, Qian Yue Lee, Gee Jun Tye, Richard Bayliss, Chun-Wai Mai, Michelle Yee Mun Teo, Lionel Lian Aun In

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in PeerJ, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Ze Min LiewDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Yu Shyan LowDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Khang Chiang OhDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Qian Yue LeeDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Gee Jun TyeInstitute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
Richard BaylissAstbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Chun-Wai MaiCentre for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research, Development and Innovation (IRDI), IMU University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Michelle Yee Mun TeoDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Lionel Lian Aun InDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are recognized as a key component of anticancer immunity and serve as an important prognostic factor in cancer progression. In this review, the latest updates and perspectives on the diverse populations of TILs and their roles in cancer immunity are discussed. The presence and balance between anti-tumorigenic and pro-tumorigenic immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) largely determine tumor progression and fate. Thus, the properties of TILs were reviewed to provide a better insight into the roles of these immune cells within the TME. Additionally, the different factors influencing immune cell infiltration in solid tumors are also described to suggest novel immunotherapeutic approaches for improved TIL infiltration. These recent approaches are then summarised as recommendations to improve infiltration and potentially achieve better clinical outcomes. Overall, this review highlights the critical role of TILs, factors governing immune cell homing and infiltration, and strategic approaches to improve TIL infiltration.

Indexed as

ImmunotherapyLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingNeoplasmsTumor MicroenvironmentAnimalsHumansChemokinesImmunotherapySolid tumorTumor immunologyTumor infiltrating lymphocytesTumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID42254675
PMCPMC13242189

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.