ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2026
A multi-omics case-control study identifying oropharyngeal microbiome-metabolite patterns that characterize secondary bacterial pneumonia among influenza patients.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Secondary bacterial pneumonia is a severe complication of influenza;howeve the biological determinants that distinguish progression from uncomplicated infection remain poorly understood. We investigated the oropharyngeal microbiome and plasma metabolome as potential discriminators of pneumonia development. In this study, we report a cross-sectional case-control study conducted during the 2022-2023 influenza season to identify and internally validate a microbiome-metabolite profile that characterizes pneumonia cases from uncomplicated influenza. We enrolled 236 consecutive influenza patients from Jiangsu Province, China (October 2023-December 2024): 59 with secondary pneumonia and 177 uncomplicated controls. Oropharyngeal swabs were subjected to 16S rRNA V3-V4 sequencing; plasma metabolomics was performed by UPLC-MS/MS in both ion modes. Seven machine-learning algorithms were compared; Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) logistic regression was selected because it yielded the highest cross-validated discrimination. Microbial composition distinguished groups, not richness. Pneumonia cases showed enrichment of
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.