ArticleResearch and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis2026
Feminizing and masculinizing gender-affirming hormone therapy affects fibrin clot characteristics in opposite directions.
Article in Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: The mechanisms behind the increased occurrence of thrombosis associated with gender-affirming hormone treatment (GAHT) are not clarified. We hypothesized that GAHT alters fibrin clot characteristics (formation, lysis, and structure) in a prothrombotic direction. Objectives: To investigate changes in Methods: We included 251 transgender women and 320 transgender men aged >17 years in a prospective cohort study. Clot formation (velocity [ Results: In transgender women, feminizing GAHT increased Conclusion: Feminizing GAHT for 12 months had prothrombotic effects on the fibrin clot, whereas masculinizing GAHT had antithrombotic effects. The procoagulant effect was most evident with oral feminizing GAHT. This large cohort study provides important insights into the mechanisms linking GAHT to thrombotic risk.
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