ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Questionnaire on efficacy of the competency-oriented integrated residency and fellowship training for ophthalmologists in Shanghai.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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10 authors.
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Abstract
Background: The integrated resident and fellowship (IRF) training represents a pivotal direction in China's medical education reform, however, there are few reports detailing its content and efficacy. At the same time, the China's six core competency concepts constitute the central objectives of this IRF training approach. Nevertheless, reports on the effectiveness of these six core competencies within the context of Shanghai's IRF training implementation remain absent. Methods: The authors compared the competencies of medical education among China, Canda and the United States, and briefly reviewed the content of the integrated residency and fellowship training program for ophthalmologists in Shanghai. Furthermore, A survey using online questionnaire system was conducted to investigate the importance, implementation status, and existing deficiencies of the IRF training program for ophthalmologists in Shanghai among training instructors and resident or fellowship trainees. Results: Sixty-four valid questionnaires were collected with 30 instructors and 34 trainees. Regarding the importance of the training, more than 90% of the instructors and the trainees rated the six importance as "satisfactory" or better, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups ( Conclusion: Both instructors and trainees demonstrated a high level of recognition for the importance of the IRF training program for ophthalmologists in Shanghai. The implementation of measures also garnered widespread approval from both training instructors and trainees. However, further improvements are necessary to strengthen the supervision measures of the training program.
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