ArticleOsteoarthritis and cartilage open2026
Small bone replacement leads to greater gait asymmetry, cartilage damage, and osteophyte formation than ligament injury in a porcine wrist model.
Article in Osteoarthritis and cartilage open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: This study evaluated the Yucatan minipig (YMP) as a translational large-animal model of wrist osteoarthritis (OA) following ligament injury (LI) or small bone replacement (SBR) in a 12-week Method: Eight YMPs were assigned to LI or SBR groups (n = 4/group). Gait data were collected preoperatively and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Ratios of surgical to contralateral limbs were calculated for maximum force, impulse, stance time, and stride velocity and compared within and between groups. At study completion, bilateral forelimbs were analyzed to quantify osteophyte volume, joint space, and cartilage health using OARSI histological scoring. Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate differences in the outcome metrics between the LI and SBR groups. Results: The SBR group demonstrated significant gait asymmetry at week 3, with reduced maximum force, impulse, and stance time relative to preoperative values (p < 0.05), followed by partial recovery. Compared to the LI group whose symmetry was consistent over time, the SBR group exhibited greater gait asymmetry (p < 0.05) at all postoperative timepoints, while stride velocity remained unchanged. Osteophyte volume was greater in SBR than LI for seven of twelve bones (p < 0.05), whereas joint space did not differ among limbs or groups. Histological analysis revealed significantly higher total OARSI scores in SBR operated limbs compared to contralateral limbs, with greater cartilage degeneration than LI (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings characterize changes in gait and joint health that demonstrate the feasibility of the YMP as a translational preclinical model of the human wrist for assessing OA progression and SBR.
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