Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42254010›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Patient preferences and willingness-to-pay for therapy in generalized myasthenia gravis: a large-scale discrete choice experiment in China.

Yafang Xu, Ling Feng, Mingjie Zhang, Jing Zhou, Hongwei Xiao, Yuwen Ni, Rui Wang, Yueyue He, Qian Jiang, Jianyu Peng and 9 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Yafang XuHuashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Ling FengDepartment of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Mingjie ZhangHuashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Jing ZhouHuashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Hongwei XiaoHuashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Yuwen NiHuashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Rui WangDepartment of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Yueyue HeDepartment of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Qian JiangDepartment of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Jianyu PengDepartment of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Hong ChenDepartment of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Hongyu ZhouDepartment of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Dingxian HeHuashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Sushan LuoHuashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Jianying XiHuashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Jie SongHuashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Chong YanHuashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Jiahong LuHuashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Chongbo ZhaoHuashan Rare Disease Center and Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) is a rare, chronic autoimmune disorder that imposes a substantial disease burden in China. As novel therapeutic options emerge, understanding patient preferences has become essential for treatment decision-making. This study aimed to assess treatment preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) among Chinese gMG patients. Methods: This multicenter, cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to August 2025 among patients with gMG in China. A discrete choice experiment was used to quantify patient preferences by presenting hypothetical treatment scenarios defined by eight key attributes. A mixed Logit regression model was used to identify preference drivers, and WTP was estimated to reflect the monetary value assigned to changes in treatment attributes. Results: Among the 909 analyzed patients, the mean age was 48.9 ± 13.27 years, and 61.8% were female. Within the selected attribute sets, safety was a key determinant of patient preferences, with consistently favored for lower risks of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) on metabolic diseases, infection, myelosuppression, and liver and kidney function impairment; WTP increased as risk levels decreased. Patients preferred oral administration, followed by subcutaneous injection and intravenous infusion. Infrequent dosing, once every-6-month, weekly or daily, was preferred over 2-3 times daily. Faster onset time of action (≤2 weeks) was favored, and higher out-of-pocket costs were disfavored. Subgroup analyses revealed young patients valued once weekly dosing, subcutaneous injection, and low risk of liver and kidney function impairment than old patients. Patients with high disease burden showed similar preferences for low and moderate ADRs risk. High-income patients favored low ADRs risk, infrequent dosing, subcutaneous injection, and were less sensitive to cost than to low- and medium-income patients. Conclusion: This large-scale study was the first to investigated treatment preferences and WTP among Chinese patients with gMG. Within the selected attribute sets, patients prioritized safety, infrequent and convenient administration route, affordability, and rapid onset of action. Patients were willing to invest financially in therapies that align with these preferences. Incorporating patient preferences in clinical decision-making and reimbursement policy may improve adherence, reduce disease burden, and enhance quality of life for individuals with gMG in China.

Indexed as

Myasthenia GravisPatient PreferenceAdultAgedChinaChoice BehaviorCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and Questionnairesdiscrete choice experimentMyasthenia Gravispatient preferencestherapywillingness to pay

Identifiers

PMID42254010
PMCPMC13233229

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.