Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42253960›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

A clinical-grade automated platform for the manufacturing of CAR-γδ T cells for immunotherapy.

Jan Kuska, Julia Kostyra, Lorraine Pinot, Evgeny Egorov, Nojan Jelveh, Lilian A Martinez Carrera, Congcong Zhang, Svetlana Khorkova, Mario Assenmacher, Rimas Orentas and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Jan KuskaResearch and Development, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
Julia KostyraResearch and Development, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
Lorraine PinotResearch and Development, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
Evgeny EgorovResearch and Development, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
Nojan JelvehResearch and Development, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
Lilian A Martinez CarreraResearch and Development, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
Congcong ZhangResearch and Development, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
Svetlana KhorkovaResearch and Development, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
Mario AssenmacherResearch and Development, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
Rimas OrentasResearch and Development, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
Sabine MuellerResearch and Development, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
José Villacorta HidalgoResearch and Development, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gamma delta (γδ) T cells are promising candidates for adoptive immunotherapy due to their unique biological and safety profiles. In particular, ex vivo expanded Vγ9Vδ2 T cells engineered with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have gained considerable interest, as they combine potent innate-like antitumor activity with a low risk of graft-versus-host disease and cytokine release syndrome, making them ideal for off-the-shelf cancer immunotherapies. However, as they represent only 1-5% of peripheral T cells, effective activation and expansion protocols are essential to generate sufficient numbers for clinical use. In this study, we describe an automated and highly efficient process for the expansion of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells and the manufacturing of CAR γδ T cells using the CliniMACS Prodigy closed system. This platform integrates cell separation, activation, genetic modification and expansion ensuring reproducibility and compliance with GMP standards. Starting with an alpha-beta (αβ) T cell and B cell magnetic depletion, we achieved a 4.59-log αβT cell depletion and a 3.97-log B cell depletion. By carefully optimizing activation, transduction and expansion, we were able to achieve up to 374-fold increase in Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, resulting in an average number of 6.64 x 10

Indexed as

Immunotherapy, AdoptiveReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-deltaReceptors, Chimeric AntigenT-LymphocytesAnimalsCell Culture TechniquesHumansLymphocyte ActivationReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-deltaReceptors, Chimeric Antigenallogeneic cell therapycancer immunotherapygamma delta T cellsgamma delta T cell transductionlarge scale manufacturing

Identifiers

PMID42253960
PMCPMC13236643

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.