Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42253815›Full record

ArticleTransplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation2026

Burden of infectious diseases in children during the first year after solid organ transplantation.

Nathalie M Rock, Jaromil Frossard, Christian Vandelden, Giuseppina Sparta, Stefano DiBernardo, Ines Mack, Paloma Parvex, Christian Balmer, Daniela Marx Berger, Christoph Berger and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Nathalie M RockPediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, Division of Pediatric Specialties, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Swiss Pediatric Liver Center, University Hospitals of Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Jaromil FrossardSwiss Transplant Cohort Study (STCS), University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Christian VandeldenTransplant Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospitals Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Giuseppina SpartaPediatric Nephrology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Stefano DiBernardoPediatric Cardiology Service, Department of Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Ines MackPediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children's Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Paloma ParvexPediatric Nephrology, Division of Specialties, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals of Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Christian BalmerPediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Daniela Marx BergerPediatric Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Christoph BergerDivision of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Hassib ChehadePediatric Nephrology Service, Department of Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Macé SchuurmansPulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Sibylle TschumiDivision of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Nicolas J MuellerDivision of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Valérie A McLinPediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, Division of Pediatric Specialties, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Swiss Pediatric Liver Center, University Hospitals of Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Arnaud G L'HuillierPediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals of Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients (SOT). Comprehensive data in this population is limited. We included pediatric SOT from the Swiss national cohort aged 0-18 years prospectively from 2008 to 2022. Using standardized definitions, all clinically relevant infections during the first year after transplant were analyzed. Associations with age, organ type, and rejection episodes were assessed. A total of 285 pediatric SOT were included, with kidney (41%) and liver (37%) transplants being the most common. During the first-year post-transplant, 53% (151/285) of patients experienced at least one infection, totaling 360. The overall incidence was 1.36 infection/person/year. Viral infections predominated (53%), followed by bacterial (41%) and fungal infections (6%). Patients receiving liver and lung transplants had higher infection rates (1.91 and 2.53 per person-year, respectively). In multivariate analysis type of transplant and male sex remained associated with increased risk of infection. Viral infections were overrepresented in younger recipients, while bacterial infections were most frequent in the first 3 months post-transplant. Pediatric SOT recipients face a substantial burden of infection. This underscores the need for specific prevention, early recognition, and coordinated management strategies to reduce infection-related morbidity.

Indexed as

Communicable DiseasesOrgan TransplantationPostoperative ComplicationsAdolescentBacterial InfectionsChildChild, PreschoolFemaleGraft RejectionHumansIncidenceInfantInfant, NewbornLiver TransplantationMaleMycoseschildren transplantationimmunosuppressioninfectionopportunistic infectionpediatricprophylaxisPTLDsolid organ transplant (SOT)

Identifiers

PMID42253815
PMCPMC13240429

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.