ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)
Peripheral immune markers in dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of risk, severity, and pathological correlates.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSystemic inflammation and innate immune activation have been implicated in dementia; however, prior studies were limited by small sample sizes. We conducted this study to evaluate the association between peripheral immune markers and the future risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, their ability to differentiate between dementia causes, and their correlation with disease severity and pathological biomarkers.
methodsOn September 8, 2025, we searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Eligible articles included cohort and case-control studies assessing the association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), or systemic inflammatory index (SII) and the risk of developing MCI or dementia, as well as their association with disease severity and pathological biomarkers. Outcomes were the risk of MCI and dementia (Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, and Parkinson's disease dementia), dementia severity assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination, and cerebrospinal fluid or pathological markers including amyloid beta (Aβ)42, Aβ40, and tau. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled as effect estimates.
resultsOur analysis included 947,020 participants from 23 studies. NLR and SII, but not PLR, were associated with increased risk of dementia (NLR: HR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.15-1.34; SII: HR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03-1.13) and MCI (NLR: HR = 2.78, 95% CI: 1.57-4.90; SII: HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.04-1.56). No differential associations were observed across dementia causes. NLR and SII were correlated with worse dementia (NLR: DISCUSSION: NLR and SII may provide valuable insights when advanced biomarker testing is limited by technological or financial barriers.
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