Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42253394›Full record

ArticleZdravstveno varstvo2026

Long COVID and Its Impact on Daily Functioning: Findings from the Si-Panda Behavioural Insights Survey in Slovenia.

Helena Jeriček Klanšček, Maruša Rehberger, Andreja Belščak Čolaković, Marina Šinko, Darja Lavtar, Ada Hočevar Grom

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Zdravstveno varstvo, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Helena Jeriček KlanščekNational Institute of Public Health, Trubarjeva cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4337-6449
Maruša RehbergerNational Institute of Public Health, Trubarjeva cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Andreja Belščak ČolakovićNational Institute of Public Health, Trubarjeva cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7753-8909
Marina ŠinkoNational Institute of Public Health, Trubarjeva cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3052-1626
Darja LavtarNational Institute of Public Health, Trubarjeva cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4768-4280
Ada Hočevar GromNational Institute of Public Health, Trubarjeva cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Research on the long-term consequences of COVID-19 has initially focused on the symptoms and prevalence of long COVID. However, few studies have fully incorporated the World Health Organization definition or explored its diverse predictors, including mental health factors. This study aims to deepen the understanding of long-term outcomes of COVID-19 and their associated factors. Methods: Data were drawn from the SI-PANDA Behavioural Insights survey on COVID-19, an online questionnaire administered to a selected sample of participants from an online access panel in Slovenia. The study included 5,961 participants aged 18 to 74. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with reporting long COVID. Results: Among the 5,961 respondents, 3,234 reported having been infected with SARS-CoV-2 at least once. Of those, 38% reported persistent fatigue and lack of energy. Long COVID developed in 16.1% (n = 520) of respondents who had been infected. The factor most strongly associated with long COVID was experiencing at least one severe episode of COVID-19, which was associated with a fourfold increase in the odds (OR = 3.99; 95% CI: 3.25-4.91). Other significant associations were observed for risk of a depressive disorder (OR = 2.50; 95% CI: 1.79-3.44), three or more SARS-CoV-2 infections (OR = 2.30; 95% CI: 1.45-3.64), risky stress behaviour (OR = 2.10; 95% CI: 1.38-3.30), and the presence of at least one chronic disease (OR = 1.50; 95% CI: 1.24-1.91). Conclusions: Understanding and effectively addressing infectious diseases like COVID-19 requires not only insight into the virus's biology and evolution but also recognition of the important role of mental health and psychological factors.

Indexed as

ConsequencesLong COVIDNumber of infectionsRisk of a depressive disorderSARS-CoV-2 virus

Identifiers

PMID42253394
PMCPMC13236475

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.