Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42252863›Full record

ArticleBiometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift2026

Tests for Categorical Data Beyond Pearson: A Distance Covariance and Energy Distance Approach.

Fernando Castro-Prado, Wenceslao González-Manteiga, Javier Costas, Fernando Facal, Dominic Edelmann

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Testing for Genetic Interactions in Complex Disease With Distance Correlation.Biometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Fernando Castro-PradoDepartment of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3722-2013
Wenceslao González-ManteigaDepartment of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3555-4623
Javier CostasPsychiatric Genetics Laboratory, Santiago Health Research Institute (IDIS), University Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0306-3990
Fernando FacalPsychiatric Genetics Laboratory, Santiago Health Research Institute (IDIS), University Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1157-6772
Dominic EdelmannBiostatistics Department, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7467-6343

Funding

European Regional Development FundInstituto de Salud Carlos III ISCIII/PI14/01020Spanish Ministry of Science MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033Spanish Ministry of Science PID2020-116587GB-I00Spanish Ministry of Universities FPU19/04091
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Categorical variables are of uttermost importance in biomedical research. When two of them are considered, it is often the case that one wants to test whether or not they are statistically dependent. We show weaknesses of classical methods-such as Pearson's and the

Indexed as

Biometrycategorical datacontingency tablesdistance covarianceindependence testingPearson's chi‐squared test

Identifiers

PMID42252863
PMCPMC13244122

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.