ArticlePediatric research2026
Automated contactless radar-derived movement index for outpatient motor surveillance.
Article in Pediatric research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundRepeatable outpatient screening tools are needed to support early identification of infants at neurodevelopmental risk. We assessed the feasibility of an automated, contactless radar-based movement analysis for outpatient screening in infants without overt neurological concerns.
methodsInfants born at 29-41 weeks of gestation underwent outpatient assessments between 37-60 weeks of postmenstrual age; infants with congenital anomalies, major brain injury, or clinical instability were excluded. Seventy-seven infants contributed 100 assessments. Each visit included a 450-second frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar recording. A pretrained model classified 45 non-overlapping 10-second epochs for asymmetric movements and cramped-synchronized general movements, and the NeuroRiskAbility (NRA) index was computed. NRA-based classification was compared with the outpatient clinical classification based on neurological and developmental assessment, including developmental concerns warranting follow-up.
resultsWith prespecified parameters (α = 0.5, cutoff 20), concordance with clinical classification was 58%. Exploratory within-cohort recalibration (α = 0.4, cutoff 24) increased concordance to 93% (κ = 0.86). NRA values showed no monotonic association with postmenstrual age (ρ = 0.045, p = 0.658). Among 23 infants assessed twice, 14 (61%) changed clinical classification between visits.
conclusionA brief, non-contact radar-based model can generate an automated movement-based index with high concordance to outpatient clinical classification, supporting feasibility for serial surveillance to identify infants requiring closer follow-up in early infancy. IMPACT: Contactless frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar enables brief outpatient recordings to quantify spontaneous infant movements and generate an automated movement-based index with high concordance to routine outpatient clinical classification. Routine outpatient clinical classification often changed over short intervals in infants without overt neurological concerns, highlighting the need for serial surveillance. A low-burden, privacy-preserving, automated tool may enable scalable serial assessment in outpatient follow-up, supporting earlier identification of infants at risk for motor delay who may benefit from closer monitoring or referral for formal assessment.
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