Podcast: Immune Persistence After Primary Vaccination with MenQuadfi.

Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) remains a serious global health concern. Although incidence is generally low, the disease progresses rapidly and carries high fatality rates of 10-15%, with survivors often experiencing long-term sequelae including hearing loss, neurological impairment, or limb amputations. These consequences highlight the need for effective and durable vaccination strategies. IMD incidence and serogroup distribution vary geographically. The highest burden occurs in the African meningitis belt, historically dominated by serogroup A, though recent outbreaks have increasingly involved serogroups C, W, and X. In Europe, serogroup B is most common, particularly in infants and adolescents, while serogroup Y is rising among adults aged ≥ 65 years. These geographical and demographic differences underscore the importance of region-specific vaccination policies. Polysaccharide vaccines targeting serogroups A, C, W, and Y have played an essential role in outbreak control but are associated with certain limitations: they do not induce immune memory and are poorly immunogenic in infants. These limitations led to the development of conjugate vaccines, where polysaccharide antigens are linked to protein carriers to enhance immunogenicity and memory responses. Several quadrivalent conjugate vaccines (MenACWY), MenQuadfi