SynthesisGeriatrics & gerontology international2026
Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Training to Prevent Cognitive Decline in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Synthesis in Geriatrics & gerontology international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo synthesize randomized controlled trial evidence on the effects, feasibility, and safety of virtual reality (VR)-based cognitive training in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or related predementia conditions.
methodsA systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 and prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261290617). Electronic searches were performed in MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, ScienceDirect, and MDPI Journals, with additional verification searches in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials published in English between 2020 and 2025 involving adults aged ≥ 60 years who received VR-based cognitive or cognitive-motor training. Outcomes included cognitive and functional performance, adherence, and safety.
resultsEight randomized controlled trials were included. VR-based interventions were associated with the maintenance or attenuation of decline in selected cognitive and functional domains, particularly executive function, memory, and visuospatial ability. Effects varied across cognitive domains, immersion levels, and intervention protocols. Adherence was generally high, and reported adverse events were infrequent and mild, most commonly dizziness or visual fatigue. No serious adverse events were reported.
conclusionsVR-based cognitive training may represent a feasible and well-tolerated non-pharmacological approach for older adults with MCI. Although evidence suggests potential benefits in sustaining cognitive function, substantial heterogeneity across interventions and limited geographical diversity restrict broader generalizability. Larger multicenter trials with standardized outcome measures and longer follow-up are needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.