Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42251740›Full record

ArticleJournal of cardiovascular electrophysiology2026

Post Pacing Interval Following Failed Anti-Tachycardia Pacing Predicts Epicardial Ventricular Tachycardia Circuits in Patients With Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy.

Nathan Kong, Evelyn Goodyear, Shu Yang, Jonathan Waks, Gregory Michaud, Timothy Maher, Andre d'Avila

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Nathan KongDivision of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2477-9181
Evelyn GoodyearDivision of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Shu YangDivision of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Jonathan WaksDivision of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Gregory MichaudDivision of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Timothy MaherDivision of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Andre d'AvilaDivision of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAnti-tachycardia pacing (ATP) that entrains but fails to terminate ventricular tachycardia (VT) provides an opportunity to use post-pacing interval minus tachycardia cycle length (PPI - TCL) as a diagnostic tool. We evaluated whether PPI - TCL from failed ATP could predict the presence of epicardial re-entrant VT circuits in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathies (ICM) vs. non-ischemic cardiomyopathies (NICM).

methodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of 51 patients who underwent VT ablation at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center from January 2020 to March 2025 and had failed ATP episodes recorded by their implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs). PPI - TCL measurements and critical VT circuit locations (apex, septum, free wall, epicardial) were independently adjudicated. PPI - TCL was stratified by VT location and cardiomyopathy type, with sensitivity analyses for normalized PPI - TCL [(PPI - TCL)/TCL].

resultsIncluded patients had a median age of 70 years, a median LVEF of 31%, 31 (61%) were infarct cardiomyopathy (ICM) and 20 (39%) were non-infarct cardiomyopathies (NICM). ATP-PPI was significantly longer at locations further from the ICD pacing electrode (i.e: free wall, epicardial) as compared to locations that were closer (i.e: apex, septum) (p = 0.023). This relationship held true for NICM (p = 0.026) but not for ICM (p = 0.085). For patients with non-infarct cardiomyopathies, an optimal ATP-PPI cutoff of 165 ms provided an 86% sensitivity and 77% specificity for predicting epicardial circuits.

conclusionPPI - TCL following failed ATP reliably predicts epicardial VT circuits in NICM with a 165 ms cutoff offering high sensitivity and specificity. This non-invasive tool may guide epicardial access planning in NICM VT ablation, though prospective validation is needed.

Indexed as

Cardiac Pacing, ArtificialCardiomyopathiesHeart RateTachycardia, VentricularAction PotentialsAgedCatheter AblationDefibrillators, ImplantableFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsRetrospective StudiesTime FactorsTreatment Failureanti‐tachycardia pacingepicardial accessventricular tachycardia

Identifiers

PMID42251740
PMCPMC13475183

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.