Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42250105›Full record

ArticleQuality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation2026

Impact of long COVID on health-related quality-of-life among Japanese adults: findings of CARE Japan study.

Sabera Sultana, Yusuke Asai, Haruhiko Ishioka, Shinichiro Ikeda, Anna Ohtera, Nobuaki Matsunaga, Norio Ohmagari, Shinya Tsuzuki

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Article in Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sabera SultanaAMR Clinical Reference Centre, Japan Institute for Health Security, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
Yusuke AsaiAMR Clinical Reference Centre, Japan Institute for Health Security, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
Haruhiko IshiokaAMR Clinical Reference Centre, Japan Institute for Health Security, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
Shinichiro IkedaIQVIA Solutions Japan G.K., Tokyo, Japan.
Anna OhteraIQVIA Solutions Japan G.K., Tokyo, Japan.
Nobuaki MatsunagaAMR Clinical Reference Centre, Japan Institute for Health Security, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
Norio OhmagariAMR Clinical Reference Centre, Japan Institute for Health Security, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
Shinya TsuzukiAMR Clinical Reference Centre, Japan Institute for Health Security, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan. tsuzuki.s@jihs.go.jp.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study aimed to comprehensively assess the implications of long COVID on the health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) among Japanese adults and to identify its associated factors.

methodsThis study used prospective cohort data from the CARE Japan Study between January 2022 and January 2023. The outcome of this study was HRQoL, which was measured using SF-12 questionnaire. Self-reported long COVID was the primary independent variable. We fitted adjusted beta regression models to calculate beta regression coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and average marginal effects (AME) to explore the determinants of HRQoL. We also performed latent class analysis (LCA) to identify unobserved patterns of long COVID symptoms.

resultsFinal sample size was 1,285. Compared to the participants with no long COVID, the HRQoL among long COVID patients (β: -0.25; 95% CI: -0.36 to -0.14; AME: -0.036) was significantly lower. The effect of long COVID on HRQoL was the most pronounced among the respondents with pre-existing lung diseases (β: -0.72; 95% CI: -1.29 to -0.16; AME: -0.114). LCA identified three subgroups of long COVID patients - class 1, 2, and 3. Compared to the participants with no long COVID, participants belonged to class 1 (β: -0.47; 95% CI: -0.57 to -0.36; AME: -0.065), class 2 (β: -0.48; 95% CI: -0.60 to -0.35; AME: -0.066), and class 3 (β: -0.93; 95% CI: -1.06 to -0.79; AME: -0.148) had poorer HRQoL.

conclusionsLong COVID patients had reduced HRQoL. Female gender, young-age, thin BMI or pre-existing psychological disorders were associated with lower HRQoL.

Indexed as

COVID-19Quality of LifeAdultAgedEast Asian PeopleFemaleHumansJapanMaleMiddle AgedPost-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeProspective StudiesSARS-CoV-2Surveys and QuestionnairesHealth-related quality-of-lifeJapanese adult populationLatent class analysisLong COVID symptomsPost-acute sequelae of COVID-19Post-COVID-19 syndromePost-COVID conditionsPsychological disorderSARS-CoV-2 infection

Identifiers

PMID42250105
PMCPMC13242436

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.