Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42250022›Full record

ArticlePlanta2026

Lineage-specific variation and molecular evolution in the rice landrace Thavalakannan: an in silico framework for identifying candidate flood resilience-associated variants.

J Nikitha, M Praveena, Manickavelu Alagu

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Article in Planta, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

J NikithaDepartment of Genomic Science, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya, 671325, Kasaragod, Kerala, India.
M PraveenaDepartment of Genomic Science, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya, 671325, Kasaragod, Kerala, India.
Manickavelu AlaguDepartment of Genomic Science, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya, 671325, Kasaragod, Kerala, India. amanicks@cukerala.ac.in.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2875-2290

Funding

Science and Engineering Research Board ECR/2016/001934
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

MAIN

conclusionThis genomic atlas identifies unique Sub1 allelic diversity and 2,557 wild-derived non-reference genes in Thavalakannan, providing a molecular framework and SSR toolkit to accelerate precision breeding for flood resilient rice. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces harbour untapped genetic diversity essential for climate-adaptive breeding. Thavalakannan, an endemic South Indian indica landrace, is traditionally associated with flood resilience, yet its molecular architecture remains undocumented. We established the first high-resolution genomic atlas for Thavalakannan, identifying 3,670,532 SNPs, 602,474 InDels, and 56,395 structural variants (SVs). Benchmarking against the 3000 Rice Genomes (3KRG) panel revealed 279,422 unique SNPs and significant lineage-specific divergence. Specifically, 43 novel variants were localised within the Sub1 gene cluster on Chromosome 9, including a start-lost mutation and an in-frame deletion in SUB1A, and frameshift mutations in SUB1B, SKL3-2, and SKL4-1. These findings indicate potential divergence in the regulation of quiescence and escape-associated pathways. Pathway enrichment analysis evidenced a potential metabolic adaptation of starch metabolism, hormone signal transduction, and ROS scavenging. Integration with the Q-TARO database confirmed variant enrichment within key stress-responsive QTLs (Sub1, qLEI3, qTIL12). Furthermore, de novo assembly of unmapped reads uncovered 2,557 putative non-reference genes with high homology to wild Oryza species, representing a "hidden" reservoir of adaptive alleles. Finally, we developed an extensive toolkit of 126,937 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) spanning both conserved and lineage-specific segments. Collectively, this study defines the evolutionary framework of Thavalakannan and provides a foundational resource for targeted allele mining and the precision breeding of flood-resilient rice cultivars.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularOryzaComputer SimulationFloodsGenes, PlantGenetic VariationGenome, PlantINDEL MutationPolymorphism, Single NucleotideAbiotic stress toleranceGenome-wide SNPsMarker-assisted selectionNon-reference genesOryza sativa indicaSub1 locus

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.