Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42248145›Full record

ArticleMed (New York, N.Y.)2026

Inhibiting glycan degradation prevents HIV-induced inflammaging and cognitive impairment.

Leila B Giron, Alejandra Borjabad, Eran Hadas, Janeway Granche, Erika G Marques de Menezes, Thomas A Premeaux, Hongxia He, Stephen T Yeung, Shalini Singh, Courtney Friday and 15 more

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Article in Med (New York, N.Y.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

Leila B GironDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Center for Human Immunobiology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Potocsnak Longevity Institute, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Alejandra BorjabadDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Eran HadasDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Janeway GrancheCenter for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Erika G Marques de MenezesVitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Thomas A PremeauxDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Hongxia HeDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Stephen T YeungDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Shalini SinghDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Center for Human Immunobiology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Potocsnak Longevity Institute, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Courtney FridayDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Joshua GloverStem Cell and Xenograft Core, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Eric BalboaStem Cell and Xenograft Core, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Derrick DopkinStem Cell and Xenograft Core, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Michelle BurrowsStem Cell and Xenograft Core, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Anthony SecretoStem Cell and Xenograft Core, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Nicolas SkuliStem Cell and Xenograft Core, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Hiroaki TatenoCellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan.
Paul W DentonDepartment of Biology, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA.
Frank PalellaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Potocsnak Longevity Institute, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Michael J CorleyDivision of Geriatrics, Gerontology & Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Lishomwa C NdhlovuDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Philip J NorrisVitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Katherine TassiopoulosCenter for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
David J VolskyDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Electronic address: david.volsky@mssm.edu.
Mohamed Abdel-MohsenDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Center for Human Immunobiology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Potocsnak Longevity Institute, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Electronic address: mmohsen@northwestern.edu.

Funding

Leadership and Operations Center (LOC), AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG); LOC 1/UM1AI068636 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Joseph J Eron, RAJESH T GANDHI · 2011 to 2026
$1073.1M
Statistical and Data Management Center (SDMC), AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG)UM1AI068634 · NIAID · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI Marlene Ann Cooper, Michael David Hughes · 2011 to 2026
$246.6M
Validation, CLIA and Qualification (VQC): Enhancing the RS ratio as a tool for AIDS Clinical Trial Group (ACTG) tuberculosis trialsUM1AI106701 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Grace M Aldrovandi · 2014 to 2026
$116.8M
University of Pittsburgh Clinical Trials UnitUM1AI069494 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI SUSAN L KOLETAR, John W Mellors · 2012 to 2026
$38.0M
University of Pittsburgh Clinical Trials UnitU01AI069494 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI MELLORS, JOHN W · 2007 to 2011
$13.9M
Single cell brain transcriptome changes during chronic HIV infection and opiate use in conventional miceU01DA053629 · NIDA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI KENNY, PAUL J., VOLSKY, DAVID J · 2021 to 2025
$11.1M
Role of Intestinal Barrier Integrity in Modulating the Host Glycome During COVID-19R01DK123733 · NIDDK · WISTAR INSTITUTE · PI ABDEL MOHSEN, MOHAMED, KESHAVARZIAN, ALI · 2020 to 2024
$4.5M
Harnessing Single Cell Epigenome-wide profiling of Myeloid cells to Compare and Contrast Alzheimer's from HIV-Associated Cognitive DysfunctionR01AG063846 · NIA · WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV · PI NDHLOVU, LISHOMWA C, VALCOUR, VICTOR · 2020 to 2024
$4.4M
Mechanism of Cannabidiol Effects on HIV Expression, Neuroinflammation, and HIV Cognitive Disease in Chronically-infected Immunocompetent MiceR01DA052844 · NIDA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI BORJABAD, ALEJANDRA, KELSCHENBACH, JENNIFER L · 2020 to 2024
$3.6M
Host Glycomic Modulation of HIV-associated Neuro-inflammation During Viral SuppressionR01NS117458 · NINDS · WISTAR INSTITUTE · PI ABDEL MOHSEN, MOHAMED, NDHLOVU, LISHOMWA C · 2020 to 2023
$3.4M
Targeting Siglec-9/Sialoglycan Interactions to Enhance NK Functions During HIV InfectionR01AI165079 · NIAID · WISTAR INSTITUTE · PI ABDEL MOHSEN, MOHAMED, XIAO, HAN · 2021 to 2025
$3.1M
Routes to enhanced HIV neuropathogenesis through expression of subclinical levels of endogenous amyloid-betaRF1NS119438 · NINDS · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI ARANCIO, OTTAVIO, VOLSKY, DAVID J · 2022 to 2022
$2.5M
NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA029859NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI165079NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI189353NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI069494NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI068634NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI068636NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI069494NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI106701NIA NIH HHS R01 AG063846NIA NIH HHS R01 AG092241NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA052844NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA053629NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK123733NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS117458NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS119438NINDS NIH HHS RF1 NS119438
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCognitive impairment is a frequent outcome of chronic viral infections linked to premature aging, including HIV. The mechanisms underlying this decline remain poorly understood. Here, we identify pro-inflammatory glycan degradation, characterized by loss of sialic acid and galactose, both hallmarks of premature aging, as a key contributor to HIV-associated cognitive impairment (HIV-CI).

methodsWe analyzed two cohorts of people with HIV, with and without HIV-CI, and tested causality through intervention studies in two complemetary mouse models of virally mediated inflammation and cognitive deceline.

findingsDegradative glycomic changes were enriched in people with HIV with cognitive impairment, particularly females, and correlated with worse cognitive performance. In both a humanized mouse model of HIV and EcoHIV model, a complementary model that enables cognitive testing, pharmacological inhibition of glycan degradation with sialidase inhibitors prevented virally induced inflammation, immune activation, accelerated aging, and memory deficits.

conclusionsThese findings implicate glycan degradation as a contributor to inflammation and cognitive impairment in HIV and highlight glycan preservation as a promising strategy to mitigate inflammation, premature aging, and cognitive decline during viral infections.

fundingThis study was funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionHIV InfectionsInflammationPolysaccharidesAgingAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalFemaleGalactoseHumansMaleMiceNeuraminidaseGalactoseNeuraminidasePolysaccharidesbiological agingglycosylationHIV-associated cognitive impairmentHIV-CIneuroinflammationsialidase inhibitorstranslation to patients

Identifiers

PMID42248145
PMCPMC13618882

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.