Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42246549›Full record

ArticleEndocrinology, diabetes & metabolism2026

Lean, Non-Autoimmune Young-Onset Diabetes in Bangladesh: A Metabolically Obese Phenotype With Disproportionate Insulin Secretory Defect.

Mashfiqul Hasan, Nusrat Sultana, Kishore Kumar Shil, Sayad Bin Abdus Salam, Koushik Ashraf, Abdullah Al Noman Bhuiyan, Md Omor Al Masud, Rifat Hossain Ratul, Muhammad Abul Hasanat

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Article in Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mashfiqul HasanDepartment of Endocrinology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1805-5187
Nusrat SultanaDepartment of Endocrinology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6858-2110
Kishore Kumar ShilDepartment of Endocrinology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-6408
Sayad Bin Abdus SalamDepartment of Endocrinology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8195-4903
Koushik AshrafDepartment of Endocrinology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8654-6484
Abdullah Al Noman BhuiyanDepartment of Endocrinology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2086-9661
Md Omor Al MasudDepartment of Endocrinology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2929-5935
Rifat Hossain RatulDepartment of Endocrinology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0112-4489
Muhammad Abul HasanatDepartment of Endocrinology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8151-9792

Funding

Bangladesh Medical University BSMMU/2023/13314(6)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundYoung-onset diabetes in South Asians frequently manifests in lean individuals, but the metabolic drivers of this phenotype remain poorlycharacterised.

objectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the clinical, biochemical, and insulin-related indices of lean, non-autoimmune young-onset diabetes mellitus (DM) among Bangladeshi young adults.

methodsThis comparative cross-sectional study (2023-2024) enrolled 373 participants (aged 18-34 years) categorised into four groups based on glycemic status and body mass index (BMI): Lean DM (n = 53), obese DM (n = 125), lean non-DM (n = 78), and obese non-DM (n = 117) from the Young-diabetes Clinic of the Department of Endocrinology, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka after excluding those with positive islet autoantibodies, low C-peptide, pancreatic pathology, and monogenic variants. β-cell function (HOMA2-B) and insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) were quantified using the HOMA2 C-peptide calculator.

resultsLean DM participants were comparable to other groups in age, sex, and family history, though smoking was more prevalent than in lean controls (p < 0.05). Prevalence of central obesity and blood pressure levels of lean DM were similar to those of lean controls, but the lipid profile was comparable to that of obese DM. The median HbA1c was higher in lean DM than in obese DM (11.6% vs. 8.5%; p < 0.001), while their median HOMA2-B was the lowest across all other groups (p < 0.01). The HOMA2 - IR in lean DM was lower than in obese DM but significantly higher than in lean controls and mirrored the resistance seen in the obese non-DM group (p < 0.001).

conclusionLean young-onset diabetes in Bangladesh appears to be a phenotype of disproportionate insulin secretory defect with only modest insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction. These features highlight the need for targeted screening and individualised management.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2InsulinInsulin ResistanceInsulin SecretionObesityThinnessAdolescentAdultAge of OnsetBangladeshBody Mass IndexCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMalePhenotypeInsulinBeta‐cell functioninsulin resistancelean diabetesyoung‐onset diabetes

Identifiers

PMID42246549
PMCPMC13238763

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.