ArticleFrontiers in psychology2026
Short-term HRV changes across gaming and simulation modalities with varying levels of immersion and physical demand.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Virtual reality (VR), gaming, and simulation technologies are increasingly used for training, skill development, and rehabilitation. However, there is limited understanding of how such platforms may trigger autonomic nervous system (ANS) responses beyond baseline levels. It is also unclear whether varying levels of immersion, together with physical demand, influence these responses. This study aimed to investigate how different levels of immersion and physical demand across gaming and simulation modalities affect ANS responses, as measured by heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), relative to baseline values. Eighty-seven undergraduate students (mean age = 20.5 years) were allocated to three experimental groups based on immersion level and task demand: immersive and high physical demand (VR table tennis,
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