ArticleVeterinary world2026
Molecular identification and phylogenetic profiling of African swine fever virus in Indonesia during 2021-2025 based on the
Article in Veterinary world, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background and Aim: African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and often fatal viral disease of domestic pigs caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), posing a serious threat to global swine production and food security. Since the first confirmed outbreak in Indonesia in 2019, molecular data on circulating strains remain limited, limiting the ability to trace viral transmission and evaluate long-term epidemiological patterns. The Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional molecular surveillance study was conducted from 2021 to 2025 using samples collected from slaughterhouses and pig-producing areas in several provinces of Indonesia. A total of 272 EDTA blood and serum samples were obtained through routine surveillance and risk-based sampling. DNA was extracted and screened using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the Results: Seven samples (2.6%) tested positive for ASFV, with detections recorded in North Sumatra, East Nusa Tenggara, Jakarta, and the Medan abattoir. Both blood and serum samples produced clear diagnostic amplicons. All sequence-positive samples clustered within the Eurasian genotype II lineage and showed >99% nucleotide identity with Georgia-2007-derived strains circulating in Asia. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial Conclusion: The findings confirm that ASFV genotype II continues to circulate in Indonesia several years after the initial outbreak and show that the virus has entered an endemic phase marked by low-level yet persistent transmission. Partial sequencing of the
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