ArticleGlobal mental health (Cambridge, England)2026
Suicide reattempts in a Chilean border region: A retrospective case-control study of sociodemographic, psychosocial and clinical risk factors.
Article in Global mental health (Cambridge, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Suicide mortality is rising in Latin America, yet evidence on repeat suicidal behavior remains scarce. Chile's national surveillance system offers a unique opportunity to study high-risk populations. This study identifies sociodemographic, psychosocial, and clinical factors associated with suicide reattempts in Arica-Parinacota, a Chilean border region with high suicide rates and significant indigenous and migrant populations. We conducted a retrospective case-control study using regional surveillance data (2017-2021). We compared individuals with multiple attempts (cases) against those with a single attempt (controls). Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AOR) for reattempt, controlling for seven covariates. Among 299 individuals, six factors independently predicted reattempt: female gender (AOR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.26-4.22), unemployment (AOR = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.31-6.87), family history of suicide (AOR = 2.59, 95% CI: 1.31-5.28), psychiatric disorder (AOR = 3.92, 95% CI: 2.26-6.92), domestic violence (AOR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.53-4.87), and psychoactive substance use (AOR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.13-3.86). Findings delineate a risk profile characterized by inter-generational suicide, gendered vulnerability, psychiatric comorbidity, and social stressors. This study demonstrates the public-health value of disaggregated, surveillance-based analytics for improving triage and targeted screening in middle-income settings.
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