ArticleFrontiers in surgery2026
Evaluation of intraoperative color Doppler ultrasonography in the surgical evacuation of acute intracranial hematoma: a single-center study from Botswana.
Article in Frontiers in surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Achieving accurate intraoperative localization of intracranial hematomas is essential for maximizing evacuation efficiency and minimizing neurological injury. Conventional preoperative CT provides static imaging and cannot reflect dynamic hematoma evolution during surgery, particularly in acute settings. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of intraoperative color Doppler ultrasonography in improving hematoma clearance and neurological outcomes in patients undergoing craniotomy for acute intracranial hemorrhage, and to assess its feasibility in resource-limited environments. Methods: In this prospective randomized study, 57 patients with acute supratentorial intracranial hematomas (including epidural, subdural, and intraparenchymal hemorrhages) were allocated to either an observation group receiving intraoperative color Doppler ultrasonography guidance ( Results: The proportion of patients achieving >90% hematoma clearance was significantly higher in the ultrasound-guided group (70.6% vs. 26.1%, Conclusion: Intraoperative color Doppler ultrasonography enables precise, real-time hematoma localization. It provides additional dynamic information beyond static preoperative imaging, potentially improving surgical clearance rates and short-term neurological outcomes in patients with acute supratentorial hematomas. This technique is a practical adjunct to CT-guided neurosurgery, particularly in resource-constrained settings.
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