ArticleFrontiers in plant science2026
A two-stage screening approach integrated with GWAS for rare phenotypes such as spontaneous haploid genome doubling in maize.
Article in Frontiers in plant science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Spontaneous haploid genome doubling (SHGD) is a valuable trait in maize breeding, enabling the development of doubled haploid (DH) lines without chemical chromosome doubling. However, SHGD is a rare phenotype, expressed in only a small fraction of maize germplasm, making its identification resource-intensive. This study evaluated the efficiency of a two-stage field screening approach designed to identify maize genotypes with high haploid male fertility (HMF), a key indicator of SHGD potential. Simulation analyses showed that evaluating 50 haploid plants per genotype, combined with a 25% HMF threshold, provides an optimal balance between detection accuracy and resource efficiency. Across three growing seasons, HMF exhibited a highly skewed distribution, with most genotypes showing low HMF and a small subset exceeding 30% HMF. Field evaluations conducted in 2022, 2023, and 2024 consistently identified high-performing genotypes, including A427, N525, N516, and NK778, which maintained stable HMF expression across years. A genome-wide association analysis identified genomic regions associated with HMF. Our two-stage screening approach identified both SHGD donor lines and genomic loci and candidate genes for HMF.
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