ArticleThyroid research2026
Time to euthyroidism and its predictors among thyrotoxicosis patients on antithyroid drugs at tertiary hospitals, Western Oromia, Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in Thyroid research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionThyrotoxicosis is characterized by excessive action of thyroid hormones in tissues, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Anti-thyroid drugs are the primary treatment for thyrotoxicosis; however, the time required to achieve euthyroid status varies among patients. The aim of this study was to determine the time to euthyroidism and its predictors among thyrotoxicosis patients on anti-thyroid drugs at tertiary hospitals in Nekemte city.
methodsA five-year hospital-based retrospective cohort study (from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2024) was conducted among patients treated with anti-thyroid drugs at Wollega University and Nekemte Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals. Data were extracted using a checklist, entered into Epi Data 4.6, cleaned, exported, and analyzed in STATA 14.1. Descriptive statistics (mean, median, incidence, interquartile range) were used to summarize the data. A Kaplan-Meier curve was used to estimate survival probabilities and compare between groups. The log-rank test was utilized to assess the existence of differences in survival probability. Bi-variable Cox regression analysis (with P ≤ 0.25) was performed to identify candidate predictors. The proportional hazards assumption was assessed using a global test. Subsequently, in suba multivariable Cox regression analysis was conducted to determine the independent predictors of time to euthyroidism, with variables considered statistically significant at p-values < 0.05.
resultsIn this study, the median time to euthyroidism was 10.8 months. The incidence rate of achieving euthyroidism among thyrotoxicosis patients was 67.91 per 1000 person-months. The following factors were significantly associated with time to euthyroidism: Graves' disease (AHR = 2.50; 95% CI: 1.23-5.07), WHO goiter grade 3 (AHR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.55-2.54), overt hyperthyroidism (AHR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.04-2.10), congestive heart failure (AHR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.35-0.91), and renal disease (AHR = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.21-0.79).
conclusionThe time to euthyroidism in this study was comparatively long; however, the rate of normalization at the end of follow-up was relatively high. The study found that Graves' disease, overt hyperthyroidism, WHO grade 3 goiter, congestive heart failure, and renal disease were significant predictors of time to euthyroidism in patients treated with anti-thyroid drugs. These findings emphasize the importance of prioritizing the management of these factors to improve euthyroidism outcomes in thyrotoxicosis patients.
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