Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42243719›Full record

ArticleBMC plant biology2026

Comprehensive in silico analysis of eggNOG-annotated orthologous genes infers functional dynamics and energy metabolism in the microbiome of Abutilon fruticosum.

Abeer M Almutrafy, Abeer S Aloufi, Abeer Al-Andal, Mohammed Y Refai, Manal Tashkandi, Alaa A Alnahari, Salwa S Bagabas, Fahd M F AlDowsari, Haneen W Abuauf, Fatimah M Alshehrei and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC plant biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Abeer M AlmutrafyDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-5173-4784
Abeer S AloufiDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7712-0313
Abeer Al-AndalDepartment of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3957-2391
Mohammed Y RefaiDepartment of Biological sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21493, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6590-5594
Manal TashkandiDepartment of Biological sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21493, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1840-2687
Alaa A AlnahariDepartment of Biological sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21493, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3692-3128
Salwa S BagabasDepartment of Biological sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21493, Saudi Arabia.
Fahd M F AlDowsariDepartment of Biological sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21493, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-3237-1065
Haneen W AbuaufDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9331-7581
Fatimah M AlshehreiDepartment of Biology, Jumum College University, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 7388, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4064-3145
Sahar A AlshareefDepartment of Biological Sciences, Collage of Sciences and Arts Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0377-1113
Aala A AbulfarajBiological Sciences Department, College of Science and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, 21911, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5833-2495
Reem Nabil HassanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4671-7053
Rewaa S JalalDepartment of Biological sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21493, Saudi Arabia. rsjalal@uj.edu.sa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8372-9117

Funding

Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project PNURSP2026R357
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAbutilon fruticosum is an ecologically and pharmacologically important wild Malvaceae species whose rhizospheric microbiome remains poorly resolved at the level of orthologous-group (OG) genes. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing and eggNOG/COG-based annotation were used to compare rhizosphere and bulk-soil microbiomes, quantify OG repertoires, and infer in silico functional modules.

resultsPrincipal coordinate and Bray-Curtis analyses of COG categories revealed clear functional segregation between rhizosphere and bulk communities, with the rhizosphere enriched in high-abundance OGs linked to energy metabolism, nutrient transport, stress response, and secondary metabolism. Computational ranking identified a cohort of highly recurrent OGs, predominantly associated with Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria but also with Streptophyta, that dominate the predicted functional landscape and are markedly more abundant in silico in rhizospheric soil. Using eggNOG/COG assignments, ten interacting putative functional modules were delineated in silico, encompassing NADH-quinone oxidoreductase-centered bioenergetics, ABC-type nitrogen and sulfur acquisition, fatty-acid and propionate catabolism, sulfur scavenging and detoxification, cell-envelope and biofilm formation, multidrug efflux, DNA maintenance, environmental sensing and transcriptional regulation, specialized competition/protection, and mobile genetic elements. Conceptual, hypothesis-generating frameworks integrating selected modules posit that rhizosphere dominance could arise from the coordinated coupling of ATP/proton motive force (PMF) generation with high-affinity nutrient uptake, sulfur and carbonyl detoxification, iron-sequestering and antioxidant secondary metabolism, and stress-responsive multidrug efflux, based on our analyses.

conclusionsThese predictions suggest that specific OG cohorts act as keystone energetic, metabolic, and defense hubs in the A. fruticosum rhizosphere and provide testable hypotheses for future experimental work linking module-level functions to root colonization, stress tolerance, and plant performance. (249 words).

Indexed as

Energy MetabolismMicrobiotaComputer SimulationRhizosphereSoil MicrobiologyActinobacteria and ProteobacteriaCOG functional modulesMetagenomicsMultidrug effluxNutrient transportRhizosphere colonizationStress responseSulfur detoxification

Identifiers

PMID42243719
PMCPMC13445771

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.