ArticlePLoS pathogens2026
Feedback coordination of FoxO-mediated antibacterial immunity by PDGF/VEGF signaling establishes hemolymph microbiota homeostasis in shrimp.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- [Bushen Yijing Formula attenuates amyloid β-protein deposi-tion and oxidative damage inZhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A balanced immune response is required to limit the microbes without causing damage to the host. The forkhead box O (FoxO)-mediated immunity plays a pivotal role in maintaining microbiota homeostasis by regulating the expression of antimicrobial effectors in non-infected arthropods. However, the mechanism by which FoxO activity is appropriately coordinated remains unclear. In this study, we elucidated a feedback loop that coordinates FoxO-mediated antibacterial response using shrimp as a model. In this feedback loop, the commensal hemolymph microbiota maintains basal activation of FoxO, which determines the expression of antimicrobial effectors, platelet-derived growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (PDGF/VEGF)-related factor 1 (Pvf1) and PDGF/VEGF-related receptor 4 (Pvr4). This ligand-receptor system enhances phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) activity, limiting the excessive activation of FoxO and expression of antimicrobial effectors. This feedback loop is essential for maintaining the equilibrium of the microbiota, and its strength increases following a pathogenic infection, reducing the incidence of infection-induced mortality and tissue damage. This study revealed a microbiota-initiated feedback loop that balances FoxO-mediated antibacterial immunity for the establishment of microbiota homeostasis, and provides new insights into the functional diversification of PDGF/VEGF signaling.
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