Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42241224›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of radiology2026

European multicenter study on recurrent imaging practice in computed tomography.

Marco Brambilla, Jenia Vassileva, Simona Avramova-Cholakova, László Balkay, Efstathios P Efstathopoulos, Kathrin Entz, Hannie Förnvik, Felix Gebser, Emil Georgiev, Bouchra Habib Geryes and 14 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in The British journal of radiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Marco BrambillaMedical Physics Department, A.O.U. "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7338-3960
Jenia VassilevaRadiation Protection Consultant, Vienna, Austria.ORCID 0000-0002-1788-4186
Simona Avramova-CholakovaCharing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-4012-0627
László BalkayDepartment of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Institute of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
Efstathios P EfstathopoulosDepartment of Applied Medical Physics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0003-2747-3353
Kathrin EntzClinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Hospital of the Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Hannie FörnvikRadiation Physics, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital and Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Felix GebserUniversity Medical Center Göttingen, Institute for Clinical and Interventional Radiology, Göttingen, Germany.
Emil GeorgievRadiology Department, Acibadem City Clinic University Hospital Tokuda, Sofia, Bulgaria.ORCID 0009-0002-2337-8260
Bouchra Habib GeryesPediatric Radiology Department, Université Paris Cité, AP-HP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0001-8154-4365
Birute GricieneFaculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania.ORCID 0000-0002-9224-6512
Joanna Kidoń-SzołtysekUnit of Invasive Cardiology and Electrocardiology, 3rd Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-0941-2514
Marta KolarekDepartment of Medical Physics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0009-0004-3626-5980
Mika KortesniemiHUS Diagnostic Center, Radiology, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
David KozákDepartment of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.ORCID 0009-0003-9126-182X
Ivana KralikClinical Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0002-2912-3472
Ingunn LøvikDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Georgios MenikouLimassol General Hospital, State Health Services Organization, Limassol, Cyprus.ORCID 0000-0003-3595-9652
Roberto M SánchezHospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-3130-2362
Marta Sans MerceDiagnostic Department, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-8201-2720
Alexander SchegererHirslanden Mediclinic Group, Corporate Office, , Glattpark, Switzerland.
Marcus SöderbergRadiation Physics, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital and Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-2481-5506
Annalisa TrianniMedical Physics Department, ASUIT, Trento, Italy.ORCID 0009-0002-4969-0359
Janne VigneroDepartment of Radiology, Leuven University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0009-0004-5887-3557

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study compares recurrent CT imaging practices across European centers using incidence and prevalence metrics and evaluates the feasibility of a novel benchmarking tool for recurrent imaging practice.

methodsCT exposure data were collected from 31 facilities across 18 European countries. The single-year incidence proportion (I100;1), 3-year cumulative incidence (I100;3), and 3-year prevalence proportion (P100;3) of patients with cumulative effective dose (CED) ≥ 100 mSv were calculated and statistically analyzed against relevant indicators. The reference year was 2023, and the 3-year period covered 2022-2024.

resultsThe database comprised 711 749 patients in 2023 who underwent 1 658 246 CT exams, with an average of 1.5 ± 0.6 CT exams per patient in this year and 2.4 ± 0.6 exams over 3 years. Across facilities, I100;1 ranged from 0% to 2.9%, I100;3 from 0% to 8.6%, and P100;3 ranged from 0% to 4.4%. A strong linear correlation was found between the third quartile values of yearly CED and I100;1. Multiple linear relationship was identified between I100;3, third quartile of yearly CED and percentage of recurrent patients. Third quartiles of yearly CED varied between 7.5 and 29.5 mSv, with the 75th percentile of their distribution 17.6 mSv, lower than in previous studies.

conclusionIncidence proportion is preferred for assessing recurrent imaging rates as prevalence substantially underestimates these rates. The 75th percentile of distribution of third quartiles of yearly CED is a reasonable benchmark level to trigger optimization. Investigating the underlying factors and addressing high recurrent rates can contribute to enhanced patient care. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: This first European multicenter study showed that the epidemiological index incidence proportion is a better metric to quantify recurrent imaging compared to prevalence. The distribution of early CED values can be used to benchmark recurrent imaging practices and inform patient management strategies.

Indexed as

Tomography, X-Ray ComputedBenchmarkingEuropeFeasibility StudiesFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleRadiation Dosagecomputed tomographycumulative effective doserecurrent imagingreference level

Identifiers

PMID42241224
PMCPMC13623230

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.