Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42239938›Full record

ArticleHardwareX2026

The Enactive Torch: Open-source sensory substitution device for neurophysiological research.

Stephen Estelle, Lohith Dayantri, Ziwen Meng, Brian Morrissey, Tom Froese

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in HardwareX, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Stephen EstelleEmbodied Cognitive Science Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Kunigami District, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan.
Lohith DayantriEmbodied Cognitive Science Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Kunigami District, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan.
Ziwen MengEmbodied Cognitive Science Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Kunigami District, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan.
Brian MorrisseyEmbodied Cognitive Science Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Kunigami District, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan.
Tom FroeseEmbodied Cognitive Science Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Kunigami District, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We present the updated Enactive Torch (ET), an open-source, multimodal sensory substitution device engineered to facilitate synchronized haptic stimulation and neurophysiological data acquisition, particularly electroencephalography (EEG). Designed for modularity and accessibility, the ET converts distance measurements from a LiDAR sensor into vibratory feedback via internal and external actuators, enabling embodied perception studies across diverse research contexts. The system includes a Teensy 4.0 microcontroller, a real-time trigger interface, and a user-programmable C++ framework that supports multiple operational modes (e.g., auto, manual, binary). Key hardware components are validated through latency testing and vibrational performance characterization, confirming sub-25 ms system responsiveness. The ET also integrates seamlessly with EEG systems via synchronized triggers, allowing for precise event marking in experimental paradigms. All firmware, schematics, 3D models, and build instructions are publicly available to support reproducibility and community-driven development. This platform enables researchers to explore novel paradigms in enactive cognition, sensory augmentation, and human-machine interaction with minimal engineering overhead.

Indexed as

AgencyEnactive TorchHapticNeurophysiologySensory substitution device

Identifiers

PMID42239938
PMCPMC13226956

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.