ArticleNeurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)2026
The Incidence Rate of Post-Stroke Epilepsy: A Multi-Center, Retrospective Study in Taif City.
Article in Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: The International League Against Epilepsy in 2014, defined epilepsy in any patient who has experienced one unprovoked seizure and has a probability of further seizures similar to the general recurrence risk (at least 60%) after 2 unprovoked seizures occurring over the next 10 years. Epilepsy patients are classified into 2 groups: early post-stroke seizures (EPSS), including patients who experience a seizure within 1 week of stroke onset, and late PSS (LPSS), including those who have a seizure more than 1 week after the stroke. Methods: This retrospective, record-based study was conducted between January 2021 and December 2024. A total of 486 stroke patients were screened. After excluding 241 patients with prior brain tumors, surgeries, or stroke events, 245 patients were included. Data were collected using a structured checklist covering demographic characteristics, seizure risk factors, stroke type and mechanism, seizure type, and timing of PSE diagnosis. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used to evaluate the associations between risk factors and PSE development. Results: Of the 245 patients, 17 (6.9%) developed PSE. Among them, 41.2% were classified as having EPSS and 58.8% as having LPSE. Most PSE patients were men and married. Most seizures were of an unknown type. A statistically significant association was found between the mechanism of stroke and the development of PSE (p = 0.021), particularly cardioembolic and atherosclerotic (thrombotic) stroke. Other variables including age, sex, ICU admission, and comorbidities did not show statistically significant associations. Conclusion: The incidence of PSS in this study was 6.9%. LPSS was more common than EPSS. The development of PSE was significantly associated with stroke mechanisms, particularly cardioembolic and thrombotic stroke, whereas other risk factors showed no significant relationship.
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