ArticlePublic health weekly report2026
Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Subtype Distribution and Antiretroviral Drug Resistance among Treatment-naive Individuals in the Republic of Korea (2024-2025).
Article in Public health weekly report, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Objectives: This study investigated the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and patterns of antiretroviral drug resistance among newly diagnosed people with HIV in the Republic of Korea (ROK) from 2024 to 2025. Methods: Samples were obtained from newly diagnosed antiretroviral therapy-naive individuals based on nucleic acid testing and serological assays. The nucleic acids were extracted, and polymerase chain reaction was performed to amplify the Results: Among 219 samples analyzed, subtype B accounted for 51.6%, while circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) accounted for 44.4%. Annual analysis showed that the proportion of subtype B decreased from 57.6% to 47.8%, whereas CRFs increased from 36.5% to 49.3%. Drug resistance analysis was performed on 212 samples. The prevalence of resistance to at least one antiretroviral drug decreased from 10.7% to 9.9%. By drug class, resistance to protease inhibitors increased from 2.5% to 5.6%, whereas resistance to integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) decreased from 2.8% to 0.0%. Resistance associated with dolutegravir, recommended for monitoring by the World Health Organization, was detected in one case in 2024 and was not detected in 2025. Conclusions: Subtype B remains predominant in the ROK, and CRFs constitute a substantial proportion, indicating considerable genetic diversity. These findings suggest increasing complexity of the epidemic, potentially associated with international mobility and interpopulation contact. Despite variation across drug classes, the absence of INSTI resistance supports the continued effectiveness of currently prescribed antiretroviral combination regimens. Continuous molecular surveillance and drug resistance monitoring are essential.
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