Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42238214›Full record

ArticleSaudi medical journal2026

Tumor Markers and Pancreatic Enzymes Reflect Early Pancreatic Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes.

Walaa Mohammedsaeed, Suliman Alharbi, Lama Alraddadi, Saja Aljohani, Talat Almehmadi, Sarah Alawfi

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In one paragraph

Article in Saudi medical journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Walaa MohammedsaeedDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Science at Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-6696-5441
Suliman AlharbiClinical Laboratory Consultant - Molecular Immunology & Genetics Serology, Immunology & Tissue Typing Division, Laboratory & Blood Bank, King Fahad Hospital, Madinah Health Cluster, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
Lama AlraddadiClinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Science at Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
Saja AljohaniClinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Science at Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
Talat AlmehmadiClinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Science at Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
Sarah AlawfiClinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Science at Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate whether pancreatic enzymes and tumor markers reflect early pancreatic dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted between January 2023 and January 2024, 300 Saudi adults with T2DM were assessed for serum CA19-9, CA125, amylase, and lipase. Associations with glycemic control, insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]), and metabolic parameters were examined using multivariable linear and logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes duration, lipid profile, and medication use. Receiver-operating characteristic analyses evaluated biomarker performance for identifying poor glycemic control (HbA1c >8.5%). Exploratory analyses assessed associations with recent acute pancreatitis. Results: Patients with poor glycemic control had significantly higher CA19-9 and CA125 levels and lower amylase and lipase levels (all Conclusion: In T2DM, elevated tumor markers and reduced pancreatic enzyme activity are associated with poor glycemic control and insulin resistance and may indicate early pancreatic dysfunction. These biomarkers may aid risk stratification and warrant evaluation in prospective studies.

Indexed as

AmylasesBiomarkers, TumorDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2LipasePancreasAdultCA-125 AntigenCA-19-9 AntigenCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansInsulin ResistanceMaleMiddle AgedAmylasesBiomarkers, TumorCA-125 AntigenCA-19-9 AntigenLipaseAmylasesCA19-9 antigenDiabetes mellitusLipasePancreatic diseasesPancreatic enzymesType 2

Identifiers

PMID42238214
PMCPMC13217612

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.