Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42238186›Full record

ArticleBiomaterials research2026

Engineering Glioma-Cell-Derived Exosomes as Trojan Horse for Precisely Targeted Chemotherapy of Glioblastoma.

Zhijun He, Zhe Meng, Guoxi Luan, Pengbo Li, Chunyi Yang, Yifan Liang, Xiaodan Sun, Lingyun Zhao, Guihuai Wang, Xiumei Wang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biomaterials research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Zhijun HeState Key Laboratory of New Ceramic Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Zhe MengState Key Laboratory of New Ceramic Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Guoxi LuanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China.
Pengbo LiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China.
Chunyi YangState Key Laboratory of New Ceramic Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Yifan LiangState Key Laboratory of New Ceramic Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Xiaodan SunState Key Laboratory of New Ceramic Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Lingyun ZhaoState Key Laboratory of New Ceramic Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Guihuai WangDepartment of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China.
Xiumei WangState Key Laboratory of New Ceramic Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5303-0217

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The management of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains challenging due to its poor prognosis and extremely high postoperative recurrence rate. Although the Gliadel wafer locally delivers carmustine, its clinical application is limited by suboptimal therapeutic efficacy and poor conformability to irregular resection cavities. To overcome these limitations, we developed a novel drug delivery system based on thermosensitive injectable chitosan-β-glycerol phosphate hydrogel containing doxorubicin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles encapsulated within tumor-derived exosomes (Exo-DMSNs@CS). In an orthotopic mouse GBM relapse model recapitulating clinical tumor resection, the liquid Exo-DMSNs@CS formulation was injected into the surgical cavity and subsequently gelated in situ, achieving seamless adhesion to the irregular resection margins of the cavity. The exosome-coated nanoparticles (Exo-DMSNs), released gradually from chitosan hydrogel, exhibited enhanced tumor-targeting capability via exosome-mediated tumor-homing performance, thereby substantially promoting drug internalization. Compared to non-exosomal controls (DMSNs@CS), Exo-DMSNs@CS markedly suppressed tumor recurrence and prolonged survival. Our findings demonstrate that this Trojan-horse-inspired delivery strategy-leveraging tumor-derived exosomes to encapsulate drug-loaded nanoparticles-enables a localized and precise tumor-targeted drug delivery system, representing a promising therapeutic paradigm for GBM treatment.

Identifiers

PMID42238186
PMCPMC13226992

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.