Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42237186›Full record

ArticleScandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine2026

Best practices on blood and blood products for a prehospital hemorrhage protocol: consensus from the 2025 Canadian prehospital transfusion summit.

Michael Peddle, Adam Greene, Jan Trojanowski, Andrew W Shih, Eddie Chang, Susan Nahirniak, Dallas Pearson, Oksana Prokopchuk-Gauk, Doug Martin, John Froh and 13 more

Abstract readConsensus Statement
In one paragraph

Article in Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Michael Peddle, Ornge, Mississauga, ON, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3207-8710
Adam GreeneBritish Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4366-9455
Jan TrojanowskiBritish Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7055-5931
Andrew W ShihDepartment of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton General Hospital, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Eddie ChangShock Trauma Air Rescue Service, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Susan NahirniakShock Trauma Air Rescue Service, Saskatchewan, AB, Canada.
Dallas PearsonShock Trauma Air Rescue Service, Saskatchewan, AB, Canada.
Oksana Prokopchuk-GaukDivision of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Doug MartinShock Trauma Air Rescue Service, Manitoba, Canada.
John FrohShock Trauma Air Rescue Service, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Charles MusukaDepartment of Transfusion Medicine, Shared Health Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada.
Cindy SeidlShock Trauma Air Rescue Service, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Yulia LinPrecision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5562-9020
Scott MacDonaldEmergency Health Services LifeFlight, Halifax, Nova Scotia, ON, Canada.
Lindsay RichardsEmergency Health Services LifeFlight, Halifax, Nova Scotia, ON, Canada.
Michael FarrellNova Scotia Health Authority Provincial Blood Coordinating Team, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Damien MillerRoyal Canadian Medical Service, Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Johnathan MackTransfusion Medicine and Hematology, Royal Victoria Hospital/McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada.
Luis Da LuzDivision of General Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0292-9676
Ian R Drennan, Ornge, Mississauga, ON, Canada.
Kanwal SinghDefence Research and Development Canada, Toronto Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Darshan ShingalaDepartment of Medicine, Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia.
Brodie Nolan, Ornge, Mississauga, ON, Canada. brodie.nolan@unityhealth.to.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2872-0643

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBlood transfusion is increasingly recognized as a critical component of prehospital resuscitation. However, Canada's vast geography, environmental extremes, and regional variation in health systems present unique challenges to standardized implementation of prehospital hemorrhage protocols (PHPs). The 2025 Canadian Prehospital Transfusion Summit (CPTS), convened by the Canadian Prehospital and Transport Transfusion (CAN-PATT) network, sought to develop consensus-driven best practices for prehospital transfusion strategies across diverse transport environments.

methodsA structured roundtable consensus process was held at CPTS 2025, bringing together over 50 subject matter experts from eight provinces, six different services/systems and a variety of operational roles to discuss the past, present and future direction of out-of-hospital blood transfusion in Canada. Key domains included: activation criteria, prioritization of blood components and adjuncts, product logistics, and rural/remote applicability. Recommendations were synthesized through iterative discussion, evidence review, and thematic analysis. Each recommendation was then voted upon until consensus was reached through all participants.

resultsConsensus was reached on core components of a national PHP. Red blood cells and tranexamic acid were identified as foundational therapies. Freeze-dried plasma and whole blood offer logistical and clinical advantages, particularly in rural and remote areas, while fibrinogen concentrate and prothrombin complex concentrate are valuable adjuncts when plasma is unavailable. Calcium supplementation and active hypothermia prevention were emphasized as essential. Barriers to implementation included short product shelf-life, storage infrastructure, and regulatory constraints. The group recommended development of a standardized Canadian prehospital transfusion dataset and national data registry.

conclusionsThe panel produced 12 consensus statements based on the available evidence and expert opinion including activation criteria, prioritization of blood products and adjuncts, product logistics, and rural/remote applicability. These consensus statements establish the basis for safe and effective PHP practices in Canada.

Indexed as

Blood TransfusionEmergency Medical ServicesHemorrhageCanadaHumansCritical care transportFibrinogen concentrateFreeze-dried plasmaMassive hemorrhage protocolPrehospitalTransfusionTrauma resuscitationWhole blood

Identifiers

PMID42237186
PMCPMC13235005

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.