ArticleScientific reports2026
Breast cancer in Bosnia and Herzegovina: real-world patterns of diagnosis, treatment, and survival outcomes.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Timely diagnosis is critical for improving breast cancer outcomes, especially in resource-limited health systems. This study provides the first real-world evidence from Bosnia and Herzegovina on diagnostic and treatment intervals, adherence, and survival in women with breast cancer. We conducted a retrospective analysis of breast cancer cases diagnosed between 2019 and 2023 at the Clinical Centre University of Sarajevo, the largest cancer center in the country, managing approximately 60% of cases in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Most patients (78.1%; 95% CI: 73.8-82.3) were diagnosed through self-referral due to symptoms, with 62.4% of cancers detected at stages 1 and 2. The mean patient and system diagnostic intervals were 38.1 days (95% CI: 23.4-52.8) and 38.6 days (95% CI: 29.9-47.3), respectively, with a total diagnostic interval of 70 days (95% CI: 58.9-82.5). Almost all diagnostic procedures had a waiting time of less than ten days. Among all women undergoing surgery, radical mastectomy was performed in 61% (95% CI: 55-66), while among women with stage 1-2 disease, 55% (95% CI: 48-62) underwent radical mastectomy. Treatment duration averaged 3.7 months for chemotherapy (95% CI: 3.4-4.1) and 0.48 months for radiotherapy (95% CI: 0.26-0.69), with higher compliance for radiotherapy (99.5%; 95% CI: 98-100) than chemotherapy (78%; 95% CI: 72-84). Three-year progression-free survival was 85.7%, and overall three-year survival was 86%. Early breast cancer detection and favorable survival can be achieved even in resource-constrained settings.
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