Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42236150›Full record

ArticleHistopathology2026

Spatial transcriptomics reveals clonal relationships between intraductal carcinoma and adjacent invasive prostate cancer.

Hridya Harikumar, Myrthe de Waard-van Baardwijk, Marit de Haan, Gregory van Beek, Karishma Lila, Martin E van Royen, Thierry Pp van den Bosch, Mathijs A Sanders, Eric Bindels, Andrew Stubbs and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Histopathology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Hridya HarikumarDepartment of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6269-3002
Myrthe de Waard-van BaardwijkDepartment of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8747-1494
Marit de HaanDepartment of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3612-0024
Gregory van BeekDepartment of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0283-7069
Karishma LilaDepartment of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3664-8616
Martin E van RoyenDepartment of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6814-0996
Thierry Pp van den BoschDepartment of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7223-4565
Mathijs A SandersDepartment of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8575-9213
Eric BindelsDepartment of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9502-669X
Andrew StubbsDepartment of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9817-9982
Geert Jlh van LeendersDepartment of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2176-9102

Funding

Jaap Schouten Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsThe pathogenesis of intraductal carcinoma (IDC) is still controversial. Contrary to current opinion, where IDC represents retrograde spread of invasive prostate cancer (PCa), we recently presented an alternative, unifying hypothesis named 'Repetitive Invasion, Precursor Progression' (RIPP). Little is known about genomic alterations in high-grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (HGPIN), IDC and adjacent invasive PCa. Our objective was to clarify the mutual clonal relationships among HGPIN, IDC, and adjacent PCa using spatial transcriptomics. METHODS AND

resultsRegions of interest containing HGPIN, IDC and adjacent invasive PCa were selected from six Gleason score 3 + 4 = 7 radical prostatectomy specimens. Spatial transcriptomic profiling and library preparation were executed according to the Visium workflow. Pathologist-guided manual annotations were utilized to delineate regions of interest for the integrated analysis of chromosomal copy number variants (CNV) and spatiotemporal trajectories. Adjacent HGPIN, IDC and invasive PCa shared common CNV signatures across all samples, with various subclonal events. Unsupervised clonal analysis revealed that across three samples, the adjacent invasive subclone had acquired additional genomic alterations. In two samples, HGPIN, IDC and adjacent invasive PCa had identical CNVs. Finally, in one sample, IDC had additional CNVs compared with HGPIN and invasive glands. Supervised trajectory analysis consistently placed adjacent invasive PCa as the final step in the trajectory, after HGPIN and/or IDC.

conclusionsSpatial transcriptomics revealed strong clonal relationships among adjacent HGPIN, IDC and invasive PCa. Supervised trajectory analysis did not support retrograde spread in this limited number of samples, while unsupervised analysis revealed a complex mutual relationship among HGPIN, IDC and adjacent PCa.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, DuctalProstatic Intraepithelial NeoplasiaProstatic NeoplasmsDNA Copy Number VariationsGene Expression ProfilingHumansMaleNeoplasm InvasivenessSpatial TranscriptomicsTranscriptomeclonal analysisCNV analysisintraductal carcinomainvasive‐like glandsprostate cancerspatial transcriptomics

Identifiers

PMID42236150
PMCPMC13441388

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.