ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2026
Systemic pre-conditioning favors effector over exhausted CD8 T-cell subsets following Sup2-IL33 armored CAR T-cell therapy.
Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSystemic pre-conditioning prior to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell infusion enhances engraftment and increases infiltration and activity of adoptively transferred cells within the tumor. Despite promising responses in some patients, additional strategies are needed to enhance overall efficacy of CAR T cells in patients with solid tumors. Armoring CAR T cells to express immunomodulatory cytokines can enhance treatment efficacy. In this study, we assess how systemic pre-conditioning impacts CAR T cells alone and in combination with interleukin (IL)-2 superkine (Sup2) and IL-33 cytokine armoring in the context of B16F10 melanoma.
methodsLocal and systemic pre-conditioning regimens were assessed in combination with TRP1-specific CAR T cells with or without Sup2 and IL-33 armoring in immunocompetent mice with B16F10 melanoma. CAR T-cell expansion kinetics and phenotype were evaluated with luminescence imaging, flow cytometry, and single-cell RNA sequencing.
resultsSystemically preconditioned mice treated with Sup2-IL33 CAR T cells elicited greater tumor control and extended overall survival compared with non-conditioned or locally preconditioned mice. Depletion of Sup2-IL33 CAR T cells in preconditioned mice resulted in loss of durable tumor control. While total body irradiation (TBI) increased unarmored CAR T-cell engraftment, Sup2-IL33 armoring increased tumor infiltration of effector cells over TOX+exhausted cells. RNA velocity trajectory analysis predicted divergent differentiation of tumor-infiltrating progenitor cells into either effector or exhausted T cells.
conclusionsSystemic preconditioning increased the expansion and persistence of transferred CAR T cells.TBI preconditioning in combination with cytokine armoring promoted the emergence of diverse effector phenotypes that correlated with enhanced efficacy of Sup2-IL33 CAR T cells in the context of B16F10 melanoma. Durable responsiveness and extended survival following combined therapy required continued CAR T-cell persistence despite the ability of Sup2-IL33 armoring to induce endogenous tumor immunity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.