ArticleInfection2026
GeneXpert CARBA-R assay for molecular characterization of carbapenem-resistance in Gram-negative bacteria in a tertiary care university hospital in Cairo-Egypt.
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Abstract
backgroundCarbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales are prevalent and increasingly reported in Egyptian hospitals. Carbapenemase production is the main mechanism of carbapenem resistance that carries the risk of dissemination among different bacterial species. PURPOSE: the study aimed to detect the distribution of carbapenemase genes among Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas species isolated from clinical samples in a tertiary care university hospital in Cairo, Egypt.
methodsGeneXpert real time multiplex PCR was used for detection of carbapenemase genes in carbapenem-resistant isolates from patients admitted to Cairo University hospitals during the period from September 2021 to July 2023. Carbapenem-resistant isolates were identified by conventional antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the disc diffusion method. E. coli ATCC
resultsA total of 330 carbapenem-resistant isolates were identified. A single carbapenemase gene was detected in 106 (32.1%) of isolates, 211 (63.9%) had two genes compared to three genes in six (1.8%) of isolates. The most common resistance gene was bla
conclusionThe detection of carbapenemase genes using the GeneXpert Carba-R assay represents a significant advancement in combating antimicrobial resistance. This assay is easy and rapid; offering results within approximately 50 min; thus, represents significant added value to traditional culture methods, which require 48 h or more. Despite the advantages of GeneXpert, the assay has some limitations, as it targets only the five most common carbapenemase gene families, and may miss less common genes.
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