Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42234127›Full record

ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2026

Prevalence and incidence of mental disorders among First Nations and other individuals using methamphetamine in Manitoba, Canada.

Jennifer E Enns, Wanda Phillips-Beck, Amy Freier, Carolyn Shimmin, Ogai Sherzoi, Hannah Owczar, Gillian Fransoo, Scott McCulloch, Neil McDonald, Joykrishna Sarkar and 10 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Jennifer E EnnsManitoba Centre for Health Policy, College of Community and Global Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 408-727 McDermot Ave Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P5, Canada. Jennifer.enns@umanitoba.ca.
Wanda Phillips-BeckFirst Nations Health and Social Secretariat of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Amy FreierManitoba Centre for Health Policy, College of Community and Global Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 408-727 McDermot Ave Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P5, Canada.
Carolyn ShimminGeorge and Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Ogai SherzoiGeorge and Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Hannah OwczarManitoba Centre for Health Policy, College of Community and Global Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 408-727 McDermot Ave Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P5, Canada.
Gillian FransooManitoba Centre for Health Policy, College of Community and Global Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 408-727 McDermot Ave Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P5, Canada.
Scott McCullochManitoba Centre for Health Policy, College of Community and Global Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 408-727 McDermot Ave Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P5, Canada.
Neil McDonaldWinnipeg Fire Paramedic Service, Winnipeg, Canada.
Joykrishna SarkarManitoba Centre for Health Policy, College of Community and Global Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 408-727 McDermot Ave Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P5, Canada.
Roxana DraganManitoba Centre for Health Policy, College of Community and Global Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 408-727 McDermot Ave Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P5, Canada.
Erik Loewen FriesenDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Marsha SimmonsFirst Nations Health and Social Secretariat of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
James BoltonDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Geoffrey KonradDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Josh NeponDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Oludolapo Deborah BalogunManitoba Centre for Health Policy, College of Community and Global Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 408-727 McDermot Ave Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P5, Canada.
Hera J M CasidsidManitoba Centre for Health Policy, College of Community and Global Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 408-727 McDermot Ave Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P5, Canada.
Nathan C NickelManitoba Centre for Health Policy, College of Community and Global Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 408-727 McDermot Ave Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P5, Canada.
and the Methamphetamine Use in Manitoba Research Team

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionMethamphetamine use can precipitate or exacerbate mental health disorders. In Winnipeg, Canada, First Nations are at particular risk of harms associated with addiction and mental illness. This study examines the prevalence and incidence of comorbid mental health disorders among First Nations and other Winnipeggers using methamphetamine.

methodUsing population-based administrative health data, we identified First Nations and all other Winnipeg (AOW) residents who had a methamphetamine-related health system contact between 2013 and 2020 (cases) and created control groups that were matched on age, sex, and postal code. We then determined five-year prevalence and one-year incidence of mood, psychotic, personality, and non-amphetamine substance use disorders, in each group. Differences between cases and controls were analyzed using generalized linear regression models after applying high-dimensional propensity score matching to account for potential confounding variables.

results4,796 cases and 43,916 controls were included in the study. Both First Nations and AOW with a methamphetamine-related health system contact had higher five-year prevalence (First Nations odds ratio [OR]: 1.92, 95% confidence interval: 1.69-2.18, AOW OR: 3.38, 95% CI: 3.01-3.79) and one-year incidence (First Nations rate ratio (RR): 2.42, 95% CI: 1.88-3.10, AOW RR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.53-2.20) of mental health disorders vs. their respective comparison group. The baseline five-year prevalence of mental health disorders was higher in the First Nations control group (51.8%) than in the AOW group (38.4%).

conclusionMethamphetamine use is associated with a higher prevalence of mental health disorders and the baseline prevalence of mental health disorders is disproportionately high among First Nations.

Indexed as

AddictionsIndigenous healthMental healthMethamphetamineSubstance use

Identifiers

PMID42234127

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.