SynthesisFuture cardiology2026
Retrosternal extravascular implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: a systematic review of implant characteristics, defibrillation testing, and acute safety.
Synthesis in Future cardiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionImplantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD) terminate potentially deadly ventricular arrhythmias in at-risk patients. Retrosternal extravascular ICDs (EV-ICD) place a lead in the mediastinal space to provide both shock and antitachycardia pacing therapy without the need for venous access. A systematic review was performed to assess acute outcomes in patients implanted with a retrosternal EV-ICD.
methodsA query of EMBASE and MEDLINE databases was performed to identify unique retrosternal EV-ICD cohort studies published between JAN-1-2020 and JAN-31-2026. Two known retrosternal EV-ICDs were included, the market-approved Medtronic substernal EV-ICD system and investigational AtaCor intercostal EV-ICD lead. Procedure and defibrillation testing details and acute safety data were collected.
resultsFourteen articles (
conclusionsThe available evidence suggests that periprocedural outcomes and acute safety of retrosternal EV-ICD systems, particularly the substernal EV-ICD system, is an effective and safe strategy that provide potentially lifesaving therapy while preserving the vasculature.
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