ArticleSurgical neurology international2026
Cranioplasty with a 3D-printed titanium implant for post-decompressive craniectomy syndrome: A case report.
Article in Surgical neurology international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a life-saving intervention for severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), but often results in large cranial defects leading to syndrome of the trephined (ST)- a neurological condition characterized by headaches, cognitive decline, and motor deficits caused by atmospheric pressure acting on the unshielded brain. Case Description: This report describes a 45-year-old male who developed debilitating post-craniectomy headaches and cognitive deficits. While preoperative imaging suggested cerebral atrophy, the diagnosis of ST was confirmed by distinguishing reversible parenchymal compression from permanent atrophy, paradoxical herniation, and hydrocephalus. A custom 3D-printed titanium implant featuring a novel Conclusion: Postoperative imaging demonstrated rapid cerebral re-expansion and normalization of ventricular caliber, validating the mechanical etiology of the deficits. This case is unique in its application of nanostructured SeNP technology to enhance biocompatibility and highlights the importance of distinguishing dynamic compression from static atrophy in TBI recovery.
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