ReviewSurgical neurology international2026
The Wiltse paraspinal approach in lumbar surgery: A systematic review.
Review in Surgical neurology international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The Wiltse paraspinal approach utilizes the natural cleavage plane between the multifidus and longissimus muscles to minimize tissue trauma. Despite its integration into minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS), standardized evidence across anatomical and clinical domains remains fragmented. Methods: A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-compliant systematic review was conducted across major medical databases through June 2024. Results: A total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. Anatomical evidence confirmed a reproducible intermuscular plane, most identifiable at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels. Technically, the approach provided effective exposure for decompressions and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusions. Clinical comparisons demonstrated significantly reduced intraoperative blood loss and lower early postoperative pain versus conventional midline approaches, with equivalent long-term outcomes. Conclusion: The Wiltse approach is a reliable, muscle-sparing technique and remains a cornerstone of contemporary MISS.
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