Enhancing ginsenoside isomers annotation by integrated analysis of electron-activated dissociation and collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry.

Wenxiang Fan, Ziwei Li, Longchan Liu, Rufeng Wang, ChenChun Zhong, Kaixian Chen, Zhengtao Wang, Li Yang

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pharmaceutical analysis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

2citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

Integrated LC-HRMS and in silico prediction discovery a hydroxylated protopanaxatriol metabolite in vivo with enhanced anti-inflammatory activity.Journal of ginseng research · 2026
Article
Configurational Isomer Differentiation Between 20(S)- and 20(R)-Ginsenosides in Red Ginseng via Applying [CuPhytochemical analysis : PCA · 2026
Article

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Wenxiang FanState Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.

Ziwei LiState Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.

Longchan LiuState Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.

Rufeng WangState Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.

ChenChun ZhongSciex (China) Co Ltd, Shanghai, 200335, China.

Kaixian ChenState Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.

Zhengtao WangState Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.

Li YangState Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Natural products, with their diverse structures and biological activities, are a critical source for new drug development. Advances in mass spectrometry have significantly enhanced the accurate and rapid identification of natural products. However, differentiating isomers remains a challenge. This study establishes a complementary approach combining collision-induced dissociation (CID) and electron-activated dissociation (EAD) to effectively distinguish isomers, exemplified by ginsenoside isomers. The CID mode clearly distinguishes the structural types of ginsenosides, while EAD mode identifies the substitution sites (e.g., C-3, C-6, C-20) of the glycosyl groups. Mass spectrometry molecular network (MN) analysis showed that, compared to CID-MN, the EAD-MN demonstrated more robust clustering of ginsenosides and more accurately reflected structural similarities of ginsenosides. The developed method enables precise characterization of unknown ginsenoside isomers in

Indexed as

Electron-activated dissociationGinsenosidesMolecular networkNatural product isomersQuality control

Identifiers

PMID42232243

DOI10.1016/j.jpha.2025.101495

PMCPMC13224131

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