Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42231484›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2026

Challenges and coping experiences in caring for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in central region, Ghana.

Cynthia Essel, Isaac Nyarko Kwakye, Daniel Adom-Fynn, Adwoa Oforiwa Antwi, Dorothy Baffour Awuah, Rhoda Kwakyewah Agyei, Nuworza Kugbey

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Cynthia EsselSchool of nursing and midwifery, Valley View University, Accra, Ghana.
Isaac Nyarko KwakyeDepartment of Environment and Public Health, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana. inkwakye@uesd.edu.gh.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6663-7934
Daniel Adom-FynnDepartment of General Studies, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana.
Adwoa Oforiwa AntwiDepartment of Environment and Public Health, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana.
Dorothy Baffour AwuahSchool of nursing and midwifery, Valley View University, Accra, Ghana.
Rhoda Kwakyewah AgyeiSalvation Army Hospital, Agona Duakwa, Agona, Ghana.
Nuworza KugbeyDepartment of Environment and Public Health, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0413-0350

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCaregiving for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a demanding role, particularly in low-resource settings. This study explored the challenges and coping experiences of caregivers of children with ASD in the Central Region of Ghana.

methodsAn Exploratory-Descriptive Qualitative (EDQ) approach was adopted, guided by a constructivist epistemological stance. Seventeen participants, including family (parent and guardians) and institutional caregivers (staff) were selected. Participants were selected from a Special School, which serves children with developmental and learning disabilities, using a purposive sampling technique. A semi-structured interview guide was used to collect data and analyzed using Braun and Clarke's six-phase thematic analysis framework, employing an inductive approach to generate themes from the data.

findingsCaregivers experienced multiple constraints, including poor public assistance, inadequate rest, inability to meet the financial demands of caregiving, and inadequate knowledge of care. Despite these challenges, caregivers exhibited proactive self-care behaviours, such as prompt attention to ailments and self-medication practices. Participants also employed a variety of coping strategies to manage the physical, emotional, and financial burden of caregiving. These strategies included seeking emotional support from family and peers, engaging in diversionary therapy, and applying relaxation techniques to sustain their caregiving roles.

conclusionsASD caregiving is a public health and social welfare concern. It highlights the need for culturally sensitive support systems, increased awareness, caregiver education, and stronger policy interventions to improve caregiver wellbeing and child development outcomes.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PsychologicalAutism Spectrum DisorderCaregiversAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolCoping SkillsFemaleGhanaHumansMaleMiddle AgedQualitative ResearchAutism Spectrum DisorderCaregiversChallengesChildrenCoping strategiesParents

Identifiers

PMID42231484
PMCPMC13445748

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.